eprintid: 464 rev_number: 4 eprint_status: archive userid: 5 dir: disk0/00/00/04/64 datestamp: 2011-03-16 lastmod: 2013-07-01 09:24:30 status_changed: 2013-07-01 09:24:30 type: techreport metadata_visibility: show item_issues_count: 0 creators_name: Manica, Luca creators_name: Rocca, Paolo creators_name: Poli, Lorenzo creators_name: Massa, Andrea title: Almost Time-Independent Performance in Time-Modulated Linear Arrays ispublished: pub subjects: TU full_text_status: public keywords: Time Modulated Linear Arrays, Pattern Synthesis, Particle Swarm Optimization abstract: This letter deals with the optimization of the switchon instants of the radio-frequency (RF) switches used for the synthesis of time-modulated linear arrays. It is shown that these additional degrees of freedom allow one to increase the stability of the pattern instantaneously radiated by the antenna. Representative results, obtained by means of a Particle Swarm Optimization, are reported and discussed. (c) 2009 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/ republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works. date: 2010-01 date_type: published institution: University of Trento department: informaticat refereed: TRUE referencetext: [1] H. E. Shanks and R. W. Bickmore, “Four-dimensional electromagnetic radiators,” Canad. J. Phys., vol. 37, pp. 263-275, Mar. 1959. [2] W. H. Kummer, A. T. Villeneuve, T. S. Fong , and F. G. Terrio, “Ultra-low sidelobes from time-modulated arrays,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 633-639, Nov. 1963. [3] R. W. Bickmore, “Time versus space in antenna theory,” in Microwave Scanning Antennas, R. C. Hansen, Ed. Los Altos, CA: Peninsula, 1985, vol. III, ch. 4. [4] J. Fondevila, J. C. Brégains, F. Ares, and E. Moreno, “Application of time modulation in the synthesis of sum and difference patterns by using linear arrays,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 48, pp. 829-832, 2006. [5] A. Tennant and B. Chambers, “Time-switched array analysis of phase-switched screens,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 808-812, Mar. 2009. [6] A. Tennant and B. Chambers, “Control of the harmonic radiation patterns of time-modulated antenna arrays,” Proc. 2008 IEEE AP-S International Symp., S. Diego, California, USA, July 5-12, 2008. [7] J. C. Brégains, J. Fondevila, G. Franceschetti, and F. Ares, “Signal radiation and power losses of time-modulated arrays,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 56, no. 6, pp. 1799-1804, Jun. 2008. [8] S. Yang, Y. B. Gan, and A. Qing, “Sideband suppression in time-modulated linear arrays by the differential evolution algorithm,” IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 1, pp. 173-175, 2002. [9] S. Yang, Y. B. Gan, and P. K. Tan, “A new technique for power-pattern synthesis in time-modulated linear arrays,” IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 2, pp. 285-287, 2003. [10] J. Fondevila, J. C. Brégains, F. Ares, and E. Moreno, “Optimizing uniformly excited linear arrays through time modulation,” IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 3, pp. 298-301, 2004. [11] S. Yang, Y. B.Gan, A. Qing, and P. K. Tan, “Design of a uniform amplitude time modulated linear array with optimized time sequences,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 53, no. 7, pp. 2337-2339, Jul. 2005. [12] J. Kennedy, R. C. Eberhart, and Y. Shi, Swarm Intelligence. San Francisco, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 2001. [13] M Donelli and A. Massa, “A computational approach based on a particle swarm optimizer for microwave imaging of two-dimensional dielectric scatterers,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 1761-1776, May 2005. [14] R. J. Mailloux, Phased Array Antenna Handbook. Artech House (2nd Ed.), 2005. [15] C. L. Dolph, “A current distribution for broadside arrays which optimizes the relationship between beam width and sidelobe level,” Proc. IRE, vol. 34, pp. 335-348, 1946. citation: Manica, Luca and Rocca, Paolo and Poli, Lorenzo and Massa, Andrea (2010) Almost Time-Independent Performance in Time-Modulated Linear Arrays. [Technical Report] document_url: http://www.eledia.org/students-reports/464/1/DISI-11-017.R176.pdf