eprintid: 221
rev_number: 18
eprint_status: archive
userid: 5
dir: disk0/00/00/02/21
datestamp: 2013-06-16 08:28:44
lastmod: 2013-11-04 17:51:24
status_changed: 2013-06-16 08:28:44
type: thesis
metadata_visibility: show
creators_name: Daprai, E.
title: Studio ed implementazione di un modello d'antenna intelligente e modello di canale in ambiente di simulazione per Wireless Sensors Network (Avrora)
ispublished: pub
subjects: TK
full_text_status: public
keywords: Evolutionary Optimization, Array Synthesis, Smart Antennas, Wireless Sensor Network, TPCW
abstract: Una Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) è una rete di sensori spazialmente distribuiti che comunicano e cooperano tra loro in modo dinamico senza bisogno di costose infrastrutture di comunicazione. Il basso costo e l'elevata versatilità di questo tipo di reti, rendono questa tecnologia adatta al monitoraggio di diversi parametri ambientali in modo autonomo e distribuito. 
L'utilizzo di sistemi d'antenna adattivi in tale ambito è tuttora un campo inesplorato, ma molto promettente. Le antenne adattive sono infatti dei sistemi d'antenna in grado di modificare il diagramma di radiazione al variare delle configurazioni di controllo. Recentemente il gruppo Eledialab ha sviluppato alcuni prototipi di antenne adattive ad elementi parassiti con tecnologia in microstriscia ottenendo dispositivi di ridotte dimensioni a basso costo e consumi ridotti. L'utilizzo di questa tipologia d'antenna su reti WSN unitamente ad un opportuno algoritmo di controllo permette di ridurre la potenza in trasmissione necessaria e incrementare drasticamente il rapporto segnale rumore + interferente (e quindi ridurre la packet error rate) posizionando i nulli del diagramma di radiazione nella direzione d'arrivo dei segnali interferenti. In tale ambito è di notevole interesse l'analisi delle prestazioni e del risparmio in termini di consumo energetico che  possibile ottenere dotando i nodi di una rete WSN di un sistema d'antenna adattivo. Per valutarne le prestazioni su reti di elevate dimensioni è fondamentale implementare un modello di tale antenna in un simulatore di reti (ad es. AVRORA). Di notevole interesse al fine della valutazione delle prestazioni della rete è l'introduzione di un modello di canale (attualmente non considerato nel simulatore) che utilizzando un opportuno algoritmo (es: Random Walk Model) sia in grado di determinare l'attenuazione del segnale introdotta dal canale basandosi su informazioni geometriche (posizione nodi) e statistiche (presenza di ostacoli).
Avrora presenta una architettura flessibile e facilmente adattabile ed espandibile, è quindi possibile introdurre un nuovo modello relativo al componente RADIO.

Il progetto verrà svolto in collaborazione con il Prof. G. Picco che seguirà la parte legata al simulatore di reti mentre il gruppo Eledia si occuperà di fornire il supporto necessario per l'implementazione del modello d'antenna e il modello di canale.

date: 2007
date_type: published
institution: University of Trento
department: ELEDIA Research Center@DISI
thesis_type: masters
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[24]	R. Azaro, L. Debiasi, E. Zeni, M. Benedetti, P. Rocca, and A. Massa, "A hybrid prefractal three-band antenna for multi-standard mobile wireless applications," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 8, pp. 905-908, 2009. 
[25]	L. Lizzi and A. Massa, "Dual-band printed fractal monopole antenna for LTE applications," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 10, pp. 760-763, 2011.
[26]	L. Lizzi and G. Oliveri, "Hybrid design of a fractal-shaped GSM/UMTS antenna," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, vol. 24, no. 5/6, pp. 707-719, Mar. 2010.
[27]	R. Azaro, E. Zeni, P. Rocca, and A. Massa, "Synthesis of a Galileo and Wi-Max three-band fractal-eroded patch antenna," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett. , vol. 6, pp. 510-514, 2007.
[28]	F. Viani, "Dual-band sierpinski pre-fractal antenna for 2.4GHz-WLAN and 800MHz-LTE wireless devices," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, vol. 35, pp. 63-71, 2013.
[29]	E. Zeni, R. Azaro, P. Rocca, and A. Massa, "Quad-band patch antenna for Galileo and Wi-Max services," Electronics Letters, vol. 43, no. 18, pp. 960-962, Aug. 2007.
[30]	L. Lizzi, F. Viani, E. Zeni, and A. Massa, "A DVBH/GSM/UMTS planar antenna for multimode wireless devices," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 8, pp. 616-619, 2009.
[31]	L. Lizzi, F. Viani, R. Azaro, and A. Massa, "A PSO-driven spline-based shaping approach for ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna synthesis," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 56, no. 8, pp. 2613-2621, Aug. 2008.
[32]	L. Lizzi, R. Azaro, G. Oliveri, and A. Massa, "Printed UWB antenna operating over multiple mobile wireless standards," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 10, pp. 1429-1432, 2011.
[33]	L. Lizzi, F. Viani, R. Azaro, and A. Massa, "Design of a miniaturized planar antenna for FCC-UWB communication systems," Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 50, no. 7, pp. 1975-1978, Jul. 2008. 
[34]	F. Viani, L. Lizzi, R. Azaro, and A. Massa, "A miniaturized UWB antenna for wireless dongle devices," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 7, pp. 714-717, 2008.
[35]	F. Viani, L. Lizzi, R. Azaro, and A. Massa, "Spline-shaped ultra-wideband antenna operating in the ECC released frequency spectrum," Electronics Letters, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 7-8, Jan. 2008.
[36]	L. Lizzi, F. Viani, R. Azaro, and A. Massa, "Optimization of a spline-shaped UWB antenna by PSO," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 6, pp. 182-185, 2007. 
[37]	L. Lizzi, G. Oliveri, and A. Massa, "A time-domain approach to the synthesis of UWB antenna systems," Progress in Electromagnetic Research, vol. 122, pp. 557-575, 2012.
[38]	L. Lizzi, G. Oliveri, and A. Massa, "Planar monopole UWB antenna with UNII1/UNII2 WLAN-band notched characteristics," Progress in Electromagnetic Research B, vol. 25, pp. 277-292, 2010. 
[39]	L. Lizzi, F. Viani, and A. Massa, "Dual-band spline-shaped PCB antenna for Wi-Fi applications," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 8, pp. 616-619, 2009.
[40]	E. T. Bekele, L. Poli, M. D'Urso, P. Rocca, and A. Massa, "Pulse-shaping strategy for time modulated arrays - Analysis and design," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., in press.
[41]	P. Rocca, L. Poli, G. Oliveri, and A. Massa, "A multi-stage approach for the synthesis of sub-arrayed time modulated linear arrays," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 59, no. 9, pp. 3246-3254, Sep. 2011.
[42]	L. Poli, P. Rocca, G. Oliveri, and A. Massa, "Harmonic beamforming in time-modulated linear arrays," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 59, no. 7, pp. 2538-2545, Jul. 2011.
[43]	L. Poli, P. Rocca, L. Manica, and A. Massa, "Handling sideband radiations in time-modulated arrays through particle swarm optimization," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 1408-1411, Apr. 2010.
[44]	P. Rocca, L. Poli, G. Oliveri, and A. Massa, "Adaptive nulling in time-varying scenarios through time-modulated linear arrays," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 11, pp. 101-104, 2012.
[45]	P. Rocca, L. Poli, and A. Massa, "Instantaneous directivity optimization in time-modulated array receivers," IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, vol. 6, no. 14, pp. 1590-1597, Nov. 2012.
[46]	P. Rocca, L. Poli, L. Manica, and A. Massa, "Synthesis of monopulse time-modulated planar arrays with controlled sideband radiation," IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 432-442, 2012.
[47]	L. Poli, P. Rocca, and A. Massa, "Sideband radiation reduction exploiting pattern multiplication in directive time-modulated linear arrays," IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 214-222, 2012.
[48]	L. Poli, P. Rocca, G. Oliveri, and A. Massa, "Adaptive nulling in time-modulated linear arrays with minimum power losses," IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 157-166, 2011.
[49]	L. Poli, P. Rocca, L. Manica, and A. Massa, "Time modulated planar arrays - Analysis and optimization of the sideband radiations," IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, vol. 4, no. 9, pp. 1165-1171, 2010.
[50]	L. Poli, P. Rocca, L. Manica, and A. Massa, "Pattern synthesis in time-modulated linear arrays through pulse shifting," IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, vol. 4, no. 9, pp. 1157-1164, 2010.
[51]	P. Rocca, L. Poli, G. Oliveri, and A. Massa, "Synthesis of time-modulated planar arrays with controlled harmonic radiations," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, vol. 24, no. 5/6, pp. 827-838, 2010.
[52]	L. Manica, P. Rocca, L. Poli, and A. Massa, "Almost time-independent performance in time-modulated linear arrays," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 8, pp. 843-846, 2009.
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[57]	L. Manica, P. Rocca, and A. Massa, "An excitation matching procedure for sub-arrayed monopulse arrays with maximum directivity," IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 42-48, Feb. 2009. 
[58]	L. Manica, P. Rocca, A. Martini, and A. Massa, "An innovative approach based on a tree-searching algorithm for the optimal matching of independently optimum sum and difference excitations," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 58-66, Jan. 2008.
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[65]	P. Rocca, L. Manica, M. Pastorino, and A. Massa, "Boresight slope optimization of sub-arrayed linear arrays through the contiguous partition method," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 8, pp. 253-257, 2008.
[66]	L. Manica, P. Rocca, G. Oliveri, and A. Massa, "Synthesis of multi-beam sub-arrayed antennas through an excitation matching strategy," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 59, no. 2, pp. 482-492, Feb. 2011. 
[67]	L. Manica, P. Rocca, and A. Massa, "Design of subarrayed linear and planar array antennas with SLL control based on an excitation matching approach," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 57, no. 6, pp. 1684-1691, Jun. 2009.
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[69]	P. Rocca, L. Manica, N. Anselmi, and A. Massa, "Analysis of the pattern tolerances in linear arrays with arbitrary amplitude errors,"  IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 12, pp. 639-642, 2013.
[70]	L. Manica, P. Rocca, N. Anselmi, and A. Massa, "On the synthesis of reliable linear arrays through interval arithmetic," IEEE International Symposium on Antennas Propag. (APS/URSI 2013), Orlando, Florida, USA, Jul. 7-12, 2013 (accepted).
[71]	L. Manica, P. Rocca, G. Oliveri, and A. Massa, "Designing radiating systems through interval analysis tools," IEEE International Symposium on Antennas Propag. (APS/URSI 2013), Orlando, Florida, USA, Jul. 7-12, 2013 (accepted).
[72]	M. Carlin, N. Anselmi, L. Manica, P. Rocca, and A. Massa, "Exploiting interval arithmetic for predicting real arrays performances - The linear case," IEEE International Symposium on Antennas Propag. (APS/URSI 2013), Orlando, Florida, USA, Jul. 7-12, 2013 (accepted).
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[82]	G. Oliveri, F. Caramanica, and A. Massa, "Hybrid ADS-based techniques for radio astronomy array design," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. - Special Issue on "Antennas for Next Generation Radio Telescopes," vol. 59, no. 6, pp. 1817-1827, Jun. 2011.
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[90]	G. Oliveri, F. Caramanica, M. D. Migliore, and A. Massa, "Synthesis of non-uniform MIMO arrays through combinatorial sets," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 11, pp. 728-731, 2012.
[91]	G. Oliveri, L. Lizzi, F. Robol, and A. Massa, “Polarization-agile ADS-interleaved planar arrays”, PIER, in press, 2013.
[92]	F. Viani, P. Rocca, M. Benedetti, G. Oliveri, and A. Massa, "Electromagnetic passive localization and tracking of moving targets in a WSN-infrastructured environment," Inverse Problems - Special Issue on "Electromagnetic Inverse Problems: Emerging Methods and Novel Applications," vol. 26, pp. 1-15, May 2010.
[93]	F. Viani, P. Rocca, G. Oliveri, D. Trinchero, and A. Massa, "Localization, tracking and imaging of targets in wireless sensor network: An invited review," Radio Science, vol. 46, 2011.
[94]	F. Viani, L. Lizzi, P. Rocca, M. Benedetti, M. Donelli, and A. Massa, "Object tracking through RSSI measurements in wireless sensor networks," Electronics Letters, vol. 44, no. 10, pp. 653-654, 2008.
[95]	F. Viani, P. Rocca, G. Oliveri, and A. Massa, "Electromagnetic tracking of transceiver-free targets in wireless networked environments," 6th European Conference on Antennas Propag. (EuCAP 2011), Rome, Italy, pp. 3808-3811, Apr. 11-15, 2011 (Invited paper).
[96]	F. Viani, F. Robol, A. Polo, P. Rocca, G. Oliveri, and A. Massa, "Wireless architectures for heterogeneous sensing in smart home applications - concepts and real implementations", Proc. IEEE, in press. doi:10.1109/JPROC.2013.2266858
[97]	F. Viani, G. Oliveri, M. Donelli, L. Lizzi, P. Rocca, and A. Massa, "WSN-based solutions for security and surveillance," 40th European Microwave Conference 2010 (EuMC2010), Paris, France, pp. 1762-1765, Sep. 26 - Oct. 1, 2010.
[98]	F. Viani, P. Rocca, G. Oliveri, and A. Massa, "Pervasive remote sensing through WSNs," 6th European Conference on Antennas Propag. (EuCAP 2012), Prague, Czech Republic, Mar. 26-30, 2012.

citation:   Daprai, E.  (2007) Studio ed implementazione di un modello d'antenna intelligente e modello di canale in ambiente di simulazione per Wireless Sensors Network (Avrora).  Masters thesis, University of Trento.   
document_url: http://www.eledia.org/students-reports/221/13/Abstract.A126.pdf